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machine_wilderness_symposium [2015-11-02 10:47] – created maja | machine_wilderness_symposium [2015-11-03 09:35] – maja | ||
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Machine Wilderness: new ecosystems where environment & technology co-exist, in which humans are less central | Machine Wilderness: new ecosystems where environment & technology co-exist, in which humans are less central | ||
- | # | + | [[https:// |
+ | [[https:// | ||
=== Theun Karelse === | === Theun Karelse === | ||
- | * ISEA 2012 (Andrea Polli) - Ron Horvath in the 1960 (cultural geographer) - wrote about machines in a negative way: machines are dumb, wilderness is a mess. this event - more positive approach | + | * The term Machine Wilderness comes from the title of [[http:// |
- | * design from an environment - machine not easy to distinguish from its environment, | + | [[http:// |
- | + | ||
- | Augmented ecology | + | |
1. how to transform GPS tags on animals to make much richer meanings (Microsoft: Technology for nature - individuals and groups; facebook for herds, anchor point for drones - hybrid ecology) | 1. how to transform GPS tags on animals to make much richer meanings (Microsoft: Technology for nature - individuals and groups; facebook for herds, anchor point for drones - hybrid ecology) | ||
* danger - cyberpoaching - panna-211 (panna tiger in a reserve in india), don’t share photos from safaris, poachers can track the animals | * danger - cyberpoaching - panna-211 (panna tiger in a reserve in india), don’t share photos from safaris, poachers can track the animals | ||
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2. Ecological Robotics | 2. Ecological Robotics | ||
* Daan van Dijk Darpa 2013, COTSBot (management of invasive starfish), Robird (management - scares birds away from Schiphol), TumbleWeed bot (based on plant movement - drifts, blows through the desert and collects environmental data), SwarmFarming (using robots for agriculture) | * Daan van Dijk Darpa 2013, COTSBot (management of invasive starfish), Robird (management - scares birds away from Schiphol), TumbleWeed bot (based on plant movement - drifts, blows through the desert and collects environmental data), SwarmFarming (using robots for agriculture) | ||
- | * Biocarbon engineering | + | * Biocarbon engineering |
* Rainforest connect - conservation using 2nd hand phones - they listen for the sound of chainsaws, and report - monitoring | * Rainforest connect - conservation using 2nd hand phones - they listen for the sound of chainsaws, and report - monitoring | ||
* MyBionicBird | * MyBionicBird | ||
* Compostable Drones - how do we deal with lifespan of tech in landscapes | * Compostable Drones - how do we deal with lifespan of tech in landscapes | ||
- | * AI: mind (thinking machines) + bodies (acting machines) + environment | + | * AI: mind (thinking machines) + bodies (acting machines) + environment |
- | Designing | + | Designing |
- | * starting from processes in the environment, | + | * processes in the environment, |
- | * starting from local habitats | + | * local habitats |
* diverse knowledge systems | * diverse knowledge systems | ||
Designing towards cohabitation & intimacy | Designing towards cohabitation & intimacy | ||
- | // —> get slides from theun! | + | {{>http://www.flickr.com/ |
=== Erik de Jong === | === Erik de Jong === | ||
- | Prof at the UVA & Artis | + | Prof at the UVA & [[http:// |
" | " | ||
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* e.g. exhibition of microbes & micro-organisms | * e.g. exhibition of microbes & micro-organisms | ||
- | * Het Groote Museum first museum in NL (1852) - in the future, a museum, a workplace for the antropocene (started in 1600 - colonialism, | + | * Het [[http:// |
* E. Wilson "the artificial new environment into which technology has catapulted humanity" | * E. Wilson "the artificial new environment into which technology has catapulted humanity" | ||
* wilderness = 1st nature, cultural landscape (agriculture) - 2nd nature, designed nature (gardens, urban environments) - 3rd nature | * wilderness = 1st nature, cultural landscape (agriculture) - 2nd nature, designed nature (gardens, urban environments) - 3rd nature | ||
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* avoid confusions with pre-modern and mechanistic views | * avoid confusions with pre-modern and mechanistic views | ||
* finding a way to talk about hybrids, co-operation between technology and nature - a common vitality in reclaiming aesthetics as a process and not an object in the tangle of tech and nature - including philosophy, ethics, morals - responsibility of human nature towards non human nature | * finding a way to talk about hybrids, co-operation between technology and nature - a common vitality in reclaiming aesthetics as a process and not an object in the tangle of tech and nature - including philosophy, ethics, morals - responsibility of human nature towards non human nature | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
=== Petran Kockelkoren === | === Petran Kockelkoren === | ||
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How technologies opened up our experience of landscapes? | How technologies opened up our experience of landscapes? | ||
- | * Nature is thought to be a healing experience, while cities and technologies are thought of as being alienating - inherited from the romantic era (??) | + | * Nature is thought to be a healing experience, while cities and technologies are thought of as being alienating - inherited from the romantic era (for an opposing view see [[http:// |
- | * " | + | * " |
+ | * See the [[https:// | ||
+ | * " | ||
* 19th ct - transport technology (train, etc.) - a revolution of how we experienced landscapes; | * 19th ct - transport technology (train, etc.) - a revolution of how we experienced landscapes; | ||
- | * "railway spine" | + | * [[https:// |
- | * fairground attraction - simulation of a train/boat experience, fair ground | + | * learning to cope with the phenomenon of speed and technology which hasn’t been integrated into daily life; 19th ct - hysteria, 20th ct. alien abductions, multiple personality disorders - symptoms are real, causes uncertain |
+ | * fairground attraction - simulation of a train/boat experience | ||
* Victor Hugo - description of his train journeys " | * Victor Hugo - description of his train journeys " | ||
* Futurists - depicting speed and velocity, buildings start to dance, people flashing by, ' | * Futurists - depicting speed and velocity, buildings start to dance, people flashing by, ' | ||
* 20ct - car, monument to a car race - it alienated people from the central, static perspective, | * 20ct - car, monument to a car race - it alienated people from the central, static perspective, | ||
- | * Ballard | + | * Futurist Giacomo Balla - attempting to change perspective and coin new imaginaries for speed - we needed to re-normalise our senses - images and sounds help us cope with the new experiences… |
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
* pop-art - streaks in comics - speeding cars | * pop-art - streaks in comics - speeding cars | ||
* zootrope - suggesting movement, children’s toys, artistic expression, scientific simulation of birds in flight (Max Ernst) - disclosing the world by means of technology changes our perception and sensory experience | * zootrope - suggesting movement, children’s toys, artistic expression, scientific simulation of birds in flight (Max Ernst) - disclosing the world by means of technology changes our perception and sensory experience | ||
- | * Muybridge - horses galloping - are they ever free from the ground (yes) | + | * Muybridge - [[https:// |
- | * Stereoscope - photograph with two different focus points - the world available in stereo - photographers began experimenting with focal points (depth, ' | + | * [[https:// |
- | * Tintin - " | + | * Tintin - " |
- | * Andrea Polli (tracking data of hurricane Bob -> "Atmospheric Weatherworks" | + | * Andrea Polli (tracking data of hurricane Bob -> [[http:// |
* Husserl "an experience of nature is always artificial" | * Husserl "an experience of nature is always artificial" | ||
- | * Esther Polak - GPS traces through the city " | + | * [[http:// |
* 3D projections in cinemas, art galleries - contemporary fairgrounds to exercise new perceptions | * 3D projections in cinemas, art galleries - contemporary fairgrounds to exercise new perceptions | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Anouk Visser & Reinier Kop === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Creating Technology for nature conservation, | ||
+ | |||
+ | * primarily drones | ||
+ | * motivation: | ||
+ | * rhino poaching, the anti-poaching drones need to be cheap and simple for the rangers to use | ||
+ | * game counting (compulsory) | ||
+ | * elevation/ | ||
+ | * where to: | ||
+ | * object detection/ | ||
+ | * AI counting tool - automatic reporting of current states and changes over time | ||
+ | * expand to other sensors (multispectral/ | ||
+ | * Earth Observation Platform - gathering analysing and visualisation of data - for any environment | ||
+ | * " | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Xavier San Giorgi === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Relationships between technology and food forestry | ||
+ | |||
+ | Reading technology or reading nature? | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Food forest - farming like the forest - perennial plants, complete diet farmed all year around, systems approach - design science from a holistic perspective; | ||
+ | * more biodiversity, | ||
+ | * low maintenance system | ||
+ | * Layers of the forest (overstory, understory, shrubs, herbs, ground-cover, | ||
+ | * biodiversity - including plants, animals, insects, microbes… - in an equilibrium; | ||
+ | * healthy soil (springiness of forest soil) | ||
+ | * Too often we design agricultural spaces in order to adapt to machinery we use | ||
+ | * [[http:// | ||
+ | * Food forests exist more in tropical/ | ||
+ | * How do you design a food forest for a city scape? In recreation areas, plants that aren’t commercially viable, that are difficult to harvest industrially | ||
+ | * [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | Tech requirements: | ||
+ | * touch earth lightly | ||
+ | * broaden our senses, be aware it shapes the way we behave | ||
+ | * help ppl reconnect to nature | ||
+ | * be amazed with and learn about the environment, | ||
+ | * not a substitution, | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Paul Roncke === | ||
+ | |||
+ | at [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Deep Longing to own a piece of land | ||
+ | * Urban agriculture is not going to solve the food problem, but it points to a DIY approach - hands, heart & head, food (consumption), | ||
+ | * Relationship between food and landscape | ||
+ | * Olmsted, Frederick Law - landscape architecture (19th ct), Ian McHarg (1970s) - " | ||
+ | * dutch way of making land - engineers, farmers, politicians, | ||
+ | |||
+ | Landscape Machines | ||
+ | * complex systems including the landscape and technology - yes we intervene, but the ecosystem responds to it with more vividness | ||
+ | * post doomsday landscapes | ||
+ | * " | ||
+ | * " | ||
+ | * technology in a landscape - should be sublime - regeneration, | ||
+ | * fluctuating results, hidden technology, embodied experience - with " | ||
+ | * flexible/ | ||
+ | * Karim van Wonderen + Sophia Molpheta "De Zeeuwse Tong Project" | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Spela Petric === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Reified Nature / Natured Technology | ||
+ | |||
+ | in projects like & Miserable Machines, Voyager 140 AU (2013) - metabolic algorithm in interaction with the environment; | ||
+ | |||
+ | Naval Gazing (is navel gazing) | ||
+ | * test facility seaweed centre on Tessel | ||
+ | * nutrients from the Rhine can sustain substantial primary production in the north sea - could it be converted in seaweed biomass? - growing brown seaweed in the winter - it can clean up the ocean, useful in cosmetics… in springtime other organisms would take over… a theory at this point | ||
+ | * how to make a sea garden? a system where humans and nature co-exist | ||
+ | * BUT: it isn’t easy to cultivate seaweed in the north sea… - the north sea is a very hostile environment… | ||
+ | * Rachel Carson "The sea around us" (1951) - cybernetics and ecosystems - interconnectedness of things | ||
+ | * Harvesting the sea - started in the romantic period | ||
+ | * Knowing more about strange environments - also allows to exploit it better (for entertainment, | ||
+ | * Inspirations: | ||
+ | * Habiton - Man-made future habitat moved by the wind - it tumbles through the ocean and collects organisms/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Miserable Machines | ||
+ | * Differences between technology and living organisms - | ||
+ | * " | ||
+ | * Hybridity is a slippery slope - sometimes things should be respected for what they are rather than being forced to ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Kenzo === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Attention, movement of water and air in and around the body | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {{> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Guszti Eiben === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Evolving robotic ecosystems - nature inspired robotics/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Takeaway messages | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1. Artificial evolution is real, not an emulation of a ' | ||
+ | * link between evolution (biology) & problem solving (engineering): | ||
+ | * evolutionary algorithm (evaluation-selection-variation loop) | ||
+ | * it can solve hard problems, cope with changes and deliver original solutions | ||
+ | * Macroscopic view (after Dennett): if you have variation, heredity and selection you must get evolution. Variation - push towards novelty, selection - push towards quality | ||
+ | |||
+ | Historical context | ||
+ | |||
+ | * (19-20 ct) Wetware (biosphere, we can observe what has happened in the past and present, in vivo) | ||
+ | * (20-21 ct) Software (evolutionary computing, a generative concept, in silico) | ||
+ | * (21ct) Hardware (evolution of things, in materio) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | 2. Robots can be evolved | ||
+ | * not all humanoid, not all mechatronics (soft robotics) | ||
+ | * evolution can create intelligence -> artificial evolution can create artificial intelligence | ||
+ | * intelligence and embodiment: environment + body + mind -> behaviour (AI in 20ct. narrow view of only the mind - chess, in now body + mind (and hopefully also environment) - football | ||
+ | * Genotypes (variation - mutation & crossover) & phenotypes (selection) - can be done in robotics too | ||
+ | * behaviour can evolve in robot populations - we know how to evolve software brains, how to evolve physical bodies -> modules/ | ||
+ | * ethical dimension - this can get out of hand… (e.g. radiation hazard, biohazard -> robohazard? | ||
+ | * challenge: simulations don’t scale up very well | ||
+ | * Cambridge: mother robot that produces 'a child' consisting of active and passive parts, that can move on its own | ||
+ | * application: | ||
+ | * science: " | ||
+ | |||
+ | In Nature: [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Ivan Henriques === | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[http:// | ||
+ | * interspecimen communication | ||
+ | * environmental robotics | ||
+ | * workshop on symbiotic systems, using Amstelpark as a medium, exploring the needs and opportunities of biorobotic systems (abiotic systems - solar, temp, wind, water + biotic systems (plants, animals, bacteria); creating systems to enter a dialogue with the environment - integrated interdependent systems | ||
+ | * energy systems | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Judith van der Elst === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Forest bathing - digital technologies for the enhancement of sensory experience | ||
+ | |||
+ | * understanding human spatial intelligence; | ||
+ | * embodied research - what would an embodied education look like, making use of ubiquitous computing related to landscape? | ||
+ | * extending the bodies with digital technologies; | ||
+ | * understanding processes in the [[https:// | ||
+ | * exploration in Amstelpark + University of Urbino - birdsong (sonotopes) connected to scents of landscapes + how do smells and sounds interact | ||
+ | * plants smell different when transplanted from their natural environment to a cultivated environment (e.g. a park) - exploring non human languages in the semiosphere (workshop in the spring) | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Field robotics === | ||
+ | |||
+ | Discussion lead by Theun Karelse | ||
+ | |||
+ | * experimentation in landscapes: how do you connect to it, how do we explore it | ||
+ | * make an experiment starting from that landscape to create a robotic entity | ||
+ | * borrowed scenery: asian gardening technique - including the landscape that isn’t a part of the garden | ||
+ | * first experiment in a small village in cornwall connected to five different landscapes - the landscapes change quite quickly (industrial, | ||
+ | * how can you connect mind+body+environment - how would the robotic species develop in different environments | ||
+ | * the goal is to have an exercise in designing environmental robots with the objective to understand how technology can be more subtle towards our landscapes - creativity? | ||
+ | * borrowed landscape - also an english invention - landscape outside separated by a fence, so the wild animals cannot enter; a robotic creature - should do something else respond to a range of different environments | ||
+ | * how do the machines/ | ||
+ | * begin with observing and mapping (on cards) - what you see (treetops, soil, sky…), actions (migrating, decomposing…), | ||
+ | * how does the robot live in this system, how does it interact and die? | ||
+ | * beyond functionality and utilitarianism; | ||
+ | * defined capabilities - the cards could be a way to explore capabilities of the hypothetic machines; SICS experiment in expression of emotion through facial recognition with masks on people’s faces to understand what the computer might see; try to have the participants explore the environment with limitations and capabilities of hypothetic machines | ||
+ | * how could the humans explore the environment the way a limited machine/ | ||
+ | * What would the creatures respond to their habitat? What would they feed on? Where would they exist (in the earth, in the sky…) | ||
+ | * Beyond mimicry of existing biological movement - different set of responses (heat, humidity…) - what kind of patterns would the robots make? | ||
+ | * What vulnerabilities could they have? Can robots be suicidal? Can you have survival without purpose? What is survival from the POV of the robot - self-preservation, | ||
+ | * The experiment should include the robot AND the habitat - and how they might change through their interactions? | ||
+ | * How does the robot learn (procedures)? | ||
+ | * Longer timeframes (Gerrit van Bakel - machines that slowly walk in the landscape), something happens once in 20 years, or so fast/ so slowly that it isn’t humanly perceptible. making links to things that technologies aren’t usually designed to do | ||
+ | * The imaginary dimension - people will make stories about it, at which point can you say whether it works or not? | ||
+ | * How will the robot have/ | ||
+ | * Machines that are sensitive and sensible | ||
+ | * How are the humans involved, if at all? How do the robots affect or interact with them? | ||
+ | * Define what you mean by co-habitation, | ||
+ | * Can the robot help to overcome deficiencies in the landscape? How does it contribute to the landscape? | ||
+ | * How to avoid negative effects? Watch out not to introduce an invasive species which puts too much strain into the habitat? | ||
+ | * It must be pinpointed and defined what the goal is. The question is to rephrase the role of robotics as part of a much larger discussion of the role of humans and technologies in the landscape. Very important to make this clear before starting to work. | ||
+ | * You could make machines that can sense one thing and do one thing, then experiment. | ||
+ | * You might have a community of small robots that behave like one organism, instead of one big one; the simpler the robot individuals, | ||
+ | * How can the robots become a part of a larger living landscape? A whole range of processes happen - cultural, cultivated, wild, industrial, rural, tidal, cyclical… but everything is also always a part of a larger whole | ||
+ | * How do you treat the whole landscape as a robotic entity? | ||
+ | * Do you want to intervene in the entropy that is a part of that landscape or do you want to intervene and change it? | ||
+ | * What kinds of questions do we ask in the design process of an artificial organism that would co-exist in a landscape… a design science that starts from something that is as complex and changing as an ecological habitat? What is that process like? What the robot actually ends up doing is secondary | ||
+ | * connecting with other intelligencies in the landscape; collect information from plants, animals, pollution, air… (analogy of 'smart cities' | ||
+ | * the landscape might need technology so that humans might be more aware; to find out what has been hidden from our view (long timeframes, different layers and rhythms) | ||
+ | * look at ritual behaviour across different species | ||
+ | * how distinct do you want the robots to be from the environment? | ||
+ | * robots to redevelop landscapes after disasters? terraforming | ||
+ | * it isn’t so obvious to understand what is missing from our landscapes (e.g. missing elephants in EU forests; indigenous farming in America - to Europeans it looked like wilderness) | ||
+ | * First: find out how you as a person connect with a landscape; feeling the sweat and pain of the landscape (observe, then interact) | ||
+ | * [[http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||